The Deadly Professor

(Dr. Maria Ragland Davis)






9Amy Bishop arrested (center)
Conference Room Chaosaculty meetings are of notoriously dull stuff: budget disputes, course schedules and so on. But on the afternoon of February 12, 2010, a biology department meeting at the University of Alabama in Huntsville took a bizarre and bloody turn. Neurobiologist Amy Bishop allegedly pulled a gun on her colleagues and opened fire in a conference room bloodbath that left Gopi Podila, Maria Ragland Davis and Adriel Johnston dead, and wounded Luis Cruz-Vera, Joseph Leahy and Stephanie Monticciolo.

Perhaps the failure of her bid for tenure had pushed arrogant and ambitious assistant professor Bishop, 44, over the edge. Or maybe it had it just been a matter of time before brainy Bishop's dark side would resurface: She had shot and killed her brother in Massachusetts in 1986; the shooting had been deemed an accident at the time, but the case is being reevaluated. Bishop was also suspected of sending a Harvard colleague a pipe bomb in 1994; this too is now being reviewed.

Bishop's UAH colleagues, however, didn't have a clue about the suspicions that had swirled around her back in her home state, though some of them found her difficult and unpredictable. It was only after she was accused of the 2010 shooting that her violent story came together, revealing the two earlier incidents, a pancake house assault and some wild, murderous unpublished novels.

A Promising Start to an Academic Life—or to a Life of Violence?

Sister and brother Amy and Seth Bishop shared a seemingly ideal childhood in Braintree, Masss, a comfortable town south of Boston. Amy took after their bookish father, Samuel Bishop, who taught film at Northeastern University. Outdoors-loving Seth was more like their mother, Judith Bishop, an avid horsewoman involved in local politics.

Encouraged by their parents, the Bishop kids excelled. Amy was an especially good student and a devoted violinist. So quiet she was almost invisible at Braintree High, she was close to her younger brother, despite their three-year age difference. She even credited him with saving her life when she fell down a cliff on one of their hikes; Seth was able to leverage his knowledge of physics into figuring out how to pull her back up the rocks despite his slim adolescent frame.

They both chose their father's university when it was time for college. Amy majored in biology, then Seth started in the engineering program.

On December 6, 1986, Amy Bishop, then 21, and her father had an argument, the nature of which has not been publicly disclosed. He left to do some Christmas shopping. Judith was out horseback riding. Seth, 18, stayed home to wash the car.

Amy went upstairs and loaded the pump-action shotgun that her father had bought after their house had been burglarized. She would later tell police that she wanted to make sure she knew how it worked, in case anyone ever broke in again. If the family argument had something to do with her decision to grab the gun, she's never let on.

Accidentally or intentionally, Amy Bishop fired the gun in her parents' room. She tried to cover up the holes in the wall with a metal Band-Aid box and a book jacket.

Soon Judith Bishop was home for lunch. Seth had finished washing the car, run out for some groceries, and returned. He'd just turned on the TV in the living room and was coming back into the kitchen when Amy came downstairs.

Amy told her mother that there was a shell in the gun and she didn't know how to unload it. Judy Bishop says she warned Amy not to point the gun at anyone. Amy would later say that Seth, who along with his father was a member of a local gun club, advised her to point it at the ceiling.

Yet somehow Amy Bishop shot her brother Seth in the chest. He died almost instantly.

Amy ran out of the house. She later told police she thought she'd dropped the gun as she fled. But she had the 12-gauge shotgun with her when she reached the Dave Dinger Ford dealership, according to witnesses who would report she aimed it at Tom Pettigrew and Jeff Doyle. The two men say she demanded a car and told them that she and her husband had just had a fight and that she was afraid he was going to kill her.

Police soon caught up to her, crouched behind a parked car. She refused to drop her gun when they ordered her to; an officer had to grab her from behind. There was still a shell in the gun, and another in her pocket. Police took her in for questioning, but her mother soon arrived, ordered her not to talk, and spirited her away.Seth Bishop's death was quickly ruled accidental. But now authorities aren't so sure that the case was handled properly.

(Shotgun similar)

Seth Bishop's Death: Accident or Cover-up?

The 2010 shooting spree has sparked new interest in Seth Bishop's death. Gossips have suggested that state or local officials may have intervened to make things easier for Amy Bishop and her family, perhaps because of Judith Bishop's political connections. Authorities aren't going so far as to support rumors that the death was anything but accidental, but several area officials worry that police may have made mistakes in their investigation or in sharing information.

Governor Deval Patrick has ordered the Massachusetts State Police to review the case. Norfolk County District Attorney William R. Keating is examining the incident as well. The Norfolk County District Attorney at the time of the first shooting, William D. Delahunt, was serving in the U.S. House of Representatives at the time of the Huntsville massacre.

Braintree Police Chief Paul Frazier said that a "higher-up" ended the 1986 investigation over the objections of local officers. But Keating charges that local police didn't inform the State Police (who routinely handle wrongful deaths in smaller cities like Braintree) that Amy Bishop had left the house still armed and then demanded getaway car. Keating also chided local police for waiting 11 days to interview Bishop or her mother.

(Police Chief Paul Frazier)
Keating suggested that Bishop likely should have been charged with assault with a dangerous weapon, unlawful possession of a firearm and unlawful possession of ammunition. But he did not expect this to lead to legal action against Bishop or the officers involved; rather, he wanted merely to review procedures.

Despite their painful memories, the Bishop family spent another 10 years in Braintree. Amy Bishop took some time off from her studies at Northeastern, and briefly broke up with her devoted boyfriend, James Anderson.

Still, she graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in biology in 1988. The following year she and Anderson married at All Soul's Church, where Seth's funeral had been held.

Bishop enrolled in a graduate program at Harvard University, earning a Ph.D. in genetics in 1993. She spent the next 9 years in various fellowships and instructor positions at Harvard Medical School, the Harvard School of Public Health, Longwood Medical Area, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

Bishop and Anderson moved to Birch Lane in Ipswich, on Massachusetts' North Shore, and had four children. Neighbors there didn't much like Amy Bishop and her family. She knocked over a neighborhood basketball hoop the day they moved in—and later joked how happy she was to have removed it. She groused about the ice cream truck and skateboarders, and frequently called the police with noise complaints. Little wonder neighbors didn't invite Bishop and Anderson to their block party.

(Seth Bishop)

The Mail Bomb

Amy Bishop's relationship with her work colleagues was just as contentious.

On December 19, 1994, Dr. Paul Rosenberg and his wife returned home to Newton, Mass., after a Caribbean vacation. He started opening the stack of mail that their cat-sitter had brought inside. When he saw two cylinders wired to a 9-volt battery in one of the packages, he and his wife ran to a neighbor's house and called the police. Police identified the package as a pipe bomb which had failed to detonate; no one was harmed.

(Dr. Adriel Johnston)
Rosenberg had recently suggested that Amy Bishop, then one of the postdoctoral fellows with whom he was working at Children's Hospital Boston's neurobiology lab, might not be up to the rigors of her job. He'd suggested that she might be mentally unstable, and that other coworkers feared that she might become violent. One witness even told Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents that Bishop's doggedly loyal husband, James Anderson, had talked about getting revenge by hurting Rosenberg.

When investigators tried to talk to Bishop in April 1995, she refused to let them in; they had to break a window. Investigators found items in the Bishop-Anderson home that could be used in a pipe bomb, including a common epoxy, but lab tests failed to tie the goods to the bomb. Records of electronic surveillance made at the time have since been sealed. The couple provided handwriting samples as required, but they refused to submit to a polygraph.


Investigators confiscated her notebooks and computer and discovered that Amy Bishop was working on a novel about a woman who kills her brother, then tries to redeem herself by becoming a successful scientist. Bishop started working on the book at the Hamilton Writing Club, an informal group of Ipswich literary hopefuls. Some of the others in the group respected her work and liked her; others reminisce about her arrogance over her Harvard degree and her sense of shame in driving a beat-up Chrysler. They say she bragged about being related to The Cider House Rules author John Irving, who is her mother's cousin, and hoped that he could help her score a book deal.

United States Postal Service officials declared the unsolved case closed after the investigation hit a dead end. James Anderson told reporters that he and Bishop had received a letter from the BATF that exonerated them of any role in the attempted bombing. Michael J. Sullivan, who had been acting director in 1994, said the agency typically does not send such letters.(Dr. Paul Rosenberg)


On February 24, 2010, US Attorney Carmen Ortiz announced that her office would review the Newton mail bomb investigation. As the 5-year statute of limitation for the crime is long expired, this investigation—like that of Amy Bishop's shooting of her brother— won't result in any charges.(Some of the items found by police in Bishop's house.)


Food Fight

Despite the other suspicions about her past, there's only one crime on Bishop's record prior to 2010: assault and battery at a pancake house.

In 2002, Amy Bishop got into a fight when her family stopped at an International House of Pancakes in Peabody, Mass., about halfway between their Ipswich home and Boston. When another woman took the last high chair for her child, Bishop blew up. She demanded the chair for her own youngest kid. When the woman didn't relent, Bishop hit her.

Amy Bishop
Amy Bishop
Bishop evidently overestimated her reputation as a scientist. Witnesses state that as she attacked the woman, Bishop yelled, "Don't you know who I am? I'm Amy Bishop!"

Bishop pleaded guilty to two misdemeanors: assault and battery and disorderly conduct. A judge sentenced her to six months' probation and ordered her to enroll in an anger management course.

It's not clear whether she ever took that anger management course. Her fierce temper certainly remained untamed, and it may be that, amid the other changes in her life, Amy Bishop didn't get around to taking the class. To the relief of her neighbors and many of her coworkers, Amy Bishop was about to leave New England for the Deep South. She and her husband soon bought a house in a Huntsville subdivision named Tara, so Bishop could start a tenure-track position in the Department of Biology at the University of Alabama in Huntsville.

Harvard-trained Bishop must have seemed a great academic catch for UAH. Founded only in 1969, the state school has made a name for itself in astrophysics and aerospace engineering, but isn't exactly prestigious beyond rocket science. The biology department hoped its Ivy League hire would help boost the school's profile in the life sciences.
(Amy Bishop)
Things didn't start out well. Student and faculty responses to Bishop's skills were mixed. The school ultimately denied her tenure bid; then Bishop's alleged violence made the school infamous.

Tenure Decision: Denied

For most academics, a tenured position is the goal. Tenure guarantees job stability, meaning that a professor needn't worry about being fired for disagreeing with university officials or for pursuing an uncharted line of research, for example. For young academics today, it means an end to scrambling to cobble together enough lecturer positions to survive and shuffling from one fellowship or short-term research position to another. Getting there requires a lot of work: teaching, research, publishing, and faculty service.

Amy Bishop's track record at the University of Alabama in Huntsville was mixed. She dutifully became her department's representative to the Faculty Senate. She won a National Institutes of Health grant to investigate genetic resistance to nitric oxide. But she published only six papers while at UAH, roughly half the number that a biologist seeking tenure would typically be expected to produce, and these weren't in the field's most important journals. Strangely, she listed her three children as the lead authors on a paper on laboratory-grown nerve cells and antidepressants; she was the fourth author, her husband, a computer engineer, the fifth.

And some of UAH's faculty and students simply found her difficult. She failed to impress the tenure committee at the lecture she gave as part of the tenure evaluation. Some of her students signed a petition protesting the decision when she was denied tenure; others had already signed a petition saying she was an ineffective teacher. Graduate students regularly transferred out of her lab or were dismissed. One student she dismissed filed a grievance against her, after Bishop called the police in a frenzied attempt to get keys and notebooks back from a student dismissed only hours before.

In March 2009 the university denied Amy Bishop tenure. She'd need to start another job after classes ended in spring 2010.

She filed an appeal and complained to anyone who would listen. Already older than most professors seeking tenure, Bishop seems to have thought that after all of her work in Boston tenure at a southern state university was well within her grasp, maybe even hers by right.

Beyond the stress and ego at play in the tenure fight, Bishop may have been worried about her family's financial state as well. Husband James Anderson was working only part time; Bishop was the breadwinner. BizTech, the company Anderson worked for, secured over a million dollars to develop a cell incubator Bishop designed. BizTech's Dick Reeves CEO reportedly expected Bishop to make a lot of money through the incubator, and he insisted that the tenure denial shouldn't have caused her any financial anxiety. But other experts say the industry has no real need for a $30,000 device that essentially functions as a Petri dish.(Shotgun similar)

Relations with her colleagues continued to deteriorate. Anderson claimed biology faculty members sent his wife nasty emails. In September 2009 Bishop filed a complaint with the Federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Someone on her departmental tenure committee had called her "crazy" in her tenure review, and would not retract the statement when an administrator gave him a chance to back down. The anonymous professor maintained that Bishop's unstable mental health was apparent on their first meeting.

The EEOC is still looking into that complaint. But in November 2009 the University of Alabama in Huntsville denied Amy Bishop's tenure appeal.

The Tenure Shooting

The morning of February 12, 2010, Amy Bishop taught her Introduction to Neuroscience class. She warned her graduate students that the class would be cut short, but she did in fact lecture the full period. Students report that Bishop seemed to ramble that day, and that she seemed confused when they asked her whether they were expected to attend her class on President's Day.

Student Rena Webb would later say that she saw a cylinder, maybe part of a gun, in Bishop's bag.

After class Bishop went home for a few hours, and her husband dropped her off on campus again around 3:00 p.m. She and all 12 of her departmental colleagues crowded into a small conference room on the third floor of the Shelby Center for Science and Technology. Graduate School Dean and biology professor Debra Moriarity led the routine meeting.

Thirty minutes after the meeting started, her colleagues say, Bishop pulled a gun and jumped up. She allegedly fired in a methodical line, hitting each of the first six people on one side of the conference table.

When the shots started flying, Moriarity dove under the table, crawling toward Bishop, begging her to stop. The two women briefly edged out into the hallway as Moriarity tried to reason with Bishop. Bishop pulled the trigger again, but this time the gun didn't fire. Moriarity made it back inside the conference room as Bishop reloaded. Ecology professor Bob Lawton slammed the door shut and molecular biology professor John Shriver barricaded it with an overturned coffee-service table and a small refrigerator.

Bishop allegedly ditched the gun in a second-floor restroom, then called her husband and asked him for a ride home. Police arrested her in the parking lot before James Anderson got there.(Debra Moriarity)

Three members of the biology department were dead and three were seriously wounded.

The Wounded and the Dead

Three of Amy Bishop's colleagues died almost instantly. Three more were injured.

Maria Ragland Davis, 50, was the first hit, shot in the head. Her love of animals—a pet duck used to follow her around as she grew up in Detroit—had led her to biology, where she specialized in cell and developmental biology, even after a bout with breast cancer jeopardized her studies

Department Chair Gopi Podila, 52, was shot in the chest. He'd left India to earn advanced degrees at Louisiana State University and Indiana State University, where he studied tree genomics. He'd supported Bishop's bid for tenure. Biochemistry professor Joseph Ng recalls that Podila cared about his all colleagues and had urged him to start a family to pass on his knowledge and love to his own children. Podila left behind a wife and two teenage daughters.


Adriel Johnston, 52, was also shot in the head. An associate professor specializing in cell biology and nutritional pathology, he'd been an Eagle Scout. As assistant scout master of his two sons' troop, Johnston taught the Boy Scouts about science.

Molecular biologist Luis Cruz-Vera, 42, was hit in the chest, but released from the hospital just a day later.

A shot to the head sent microbiologist Joseph Leahy, 50, to Huntsville Hospital's neuro-intensive unit before he could be released.(Dr. Gopi Podila)

Staff member Stephanie Monticciolo, 62, took notes at the meeting. She was shot in the face but survived.

No one has disputed that Amy Bishop held the gun.

Awaiting Trial

Amy Bishop's lawyer, Roy W. Miller, says his client doesn't even remember the shooting. She's asked him whether she still has a job. He's planning an insanity defense.

Miller is the lawyer assigned to Bishop when she filed an Affidavit of Indigency and Order after being arrested. The form warns that false answers may be considered perjury, but on it she stated that neither she nor her husband have a job (her $66,000 a year contract isn't up until May), they don't have money in the bank or investments, and they don't own any property (they paid for their house in cash).

Colleagues also told investigators that they believed Bishop had planted some sort of "herpes bomb" in the science building. Police swept the building and failed to find a bomb, but they did find a 9 mm handgun believed to have been used in the shootings. Bishop had studied the herpes virus in her post-doctoral work at Harvard. And investigators have found that in one of her unpublished novels, she imagined a herpes virus that would cause pregnant women to miscarry. The novel was about a depressed female scientist worried about getting tenure, aided by a researcher named James Anderson.

Miller complains he "can't get Anderson to shut up" about the case, but he's been doing plenty of talking himself. Miller initially described Bishop as a paranoid schizophrenic, but he later retracted the remarks. He blames Amy Bishop's behavior on her anger at being denied tenure, saying that "the Harvard mentality" made it just too hard for her to bear this sort of failure.

James Anderson blames the tenure system too. He says his wife was worried about ending up like Douglas C. Prasher, a Huntsville biochemist who helped colleagues win a Nobel Prize but ended up driving a shuttle bus after losing out on a grant.

Authorities don't share Miller and Anderson's sympathy. Madison Country District Attorney Rob Broussard may ask for the death penalty. Bishop is charged with one count of capital murder and three counts of attempted murder; a conviction would mean life in prison without parole, or death.

The trial will no doubt reveal new twists to Amy Bishop's disturbing story.


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